The main goal of gynecomastia surgery is to completely remove the mammary gland.
However, since removing all 100% is problematic, it should be reduced to at least below normal size.
And, this normal size should not be able to grow anymore.
Later, due to drugs, obesity, aging, etc., it is necessary to prevent recurrence.
So, I remove the nipple just below the nipple,
leaving about 2-3mm in height and below the areola width.
The mammary glands left small in this way, strictly speaking, the “nipple-areolar complex”,
will no longer grow through manipulation.
This is because if even this nipple-areolar-complex is removed,
nipple dimple and nipple necrosis may occur.